CLIMATE IMPACT ON ORIGIN AND TOURISM VALORISATION OF TRADITIONAL URBAN ARCHITECTURE IN BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA AND CROATIA
Belmar Begić
DOI: 10.35666/25662880.2015.1.189
UDC: 338.48:[551.58:911.37](497.6+497.5)
Abstract: Climate stands for one of the important factors of tourism valorisation in a certain area. For the purpose of this paper Köppen climatic classification has been used. In a given area distinguished types of climate include: temperate climate C, continental climate D and alpine climate E. Considering the fact that climate can indirectly impact the geologic structure of certain areas on the Earth's surface by means of insolation and precipitation, building materials for architecture can be various. For example, as main or dominant building material in areas with warm climate types a stone is the most commonly used material, but wood and timber are commonly used in areas with cooler climate types. This research is based on selected urban areas for the each belonging climate type. By using Köppen climatic classification for the GIS mapping of climate subtypes, which are based on long-term climate data, selected urban areas have been chosen. Cities that belong to Csa climate subtype are: Mostar, Split and Dubrovnik, cities under Csb climate subtype include: Livno, Konjic and Rijeka, cities that belong to Cfa subtype include: Bijeljina, Osijek and Vukovar, cities under Cfb subtype include: Sarajevo, Banja Luka and Zagreb, towns that belong to Cfc climate include: Delnice and Slunj, and towns under Dfb climate subtype are: Kupres and Nevesinje. Areas with Dfc and ET climate subtypes include rural settlements and unpopulated wild areas. Research focuses on architecture from the six most significant historical periods: Antique, Byzantine, Medieval, Venetian, Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian. Based on all the characteristics described before, the conclusion implicates that climate factors have significant impact on the architectural styles, and generally on the urban environment which is the tourism valorisation object.
Key words: climate types, architecture, GIS, tourism, valorisation, Bosnia&Herzegovina, Croatia